Heart rate and rhythm, pulses, capillary refill time, skin color and temperature, and blood pressure are all direct indicators of circulatory status. Which of the following are indirect indicators of circulatory status? (Choose all correct answers.)

What is the most common cause of bradycardia in children?

(True or False) Tachycardia is a normal physiologic response in the critically ill child?

An observed decrease in systolic blood pressure of ________ mm Hg from baseline should prompt serial evaluations for additional signs of shock.

In healthy children, the heart rate may fluctuate with the respiratory cycle.

(True or False) A low hemoglobin (anemia) may make it harder to detect cyanosis in a critically ill child.

(True or False) When assessing circulation, it is only necessary to assess the central pulses.

What is a common cause of vasoconstriction and can result in a discrepancy between the peripheral and central pulses in children? (Choose all correct answers)

Normal capillary refill time in children is ___________.

Match the correct skin characteristic with the definition.

Paleness, lack of normal color in the skin or mucous membrane.

Match the correct skin characteristic with the definition.

Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet commonly seen DURING the newborn period.

Match the correct skin characteristic with the definition.

Irregular or patchy discoloration of the skin which may be caused hypoxemia, hypovolemia, or shock.

Match the correct skin characteristic with the definition.

Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet seen BEYOND the newborn period.

Match the correct skin characteristic with the definition.

Blue discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes.